There are 2 stages for the 12-year basic education, and its structure are as follows. According to the Primary and Junior High School Act and Compulsory Education Act, the government launches its 9-year national education for 6-15 years old children. It aims to provide universal education that is characterized by duty, compulsory education, tuition-free and government sponsorship.  Most schools are established by the central/ special municipality/county (city) government, admissions to some selected district schools are test-free, while general education is provided in other schools.

According to Senior High School Act, the government provides 3-year education for aged 15 and above. It aims to provide universal education that are characterized by voluntary enrollment to schools, tuition-waiver, public and private schools on equal footing, exam-free, multiple school types, regular, skill-based, comprehensive and specialty-based education.

Universal education：Provide equal education opportunity to whole population aged 15 and above.

Voluntary enrollment：Provide adequate and multi-channel senior high school admission system, and respect the choice and engagement of students and parents. Receiving education is a right, not a duty of students.

Tuition-free under certain requirements：Students study in the  vocational high school do not have to pay for the tuition and those study in the high school could get free-tuition under certain requirements . In addition, in February 2024 all students attending public and private senior and vocational high schools are now eligible for free tuition.

The public and private schools are on equal footing：In this stage, the public schools (national, municipal, county (city)) and private ones would proceed the same system. The government subsidies to private schools will be seriously assessed and supervised under the same basis as public schools to ensure the teaching and operating performance.

Exam-free admission：There are 75% graduates of junior high school who enter senior high school or junior college through exam-free program. The educational authority would keep some slots for special examination admission to those who enter senior high school through comprehensive assessment program (CAP) examination (scholastic achievement test) or entrance via recommendation and screening (sill-based performance test).

Multiple school types：There are high schools, first 3-year of junior college, special education school, continuing education, Including non-school type experimental program.

A balanced mix of regular and skill-based education：12-year basic education is learner-centered. High schools and junior college will admit graduates from junior high schools based on aptitudes, interests and ability, thereby providing education that guide students through adaptive learning and discover their potentials.